Each device that connects to the Internet needs an IP address. In the local network (e.g. at home or company) also uses the MAC address. It's a bit like Pesel Your equipment – a unique number that it receives at the production stage. Theoretically, it remains unchanged, although in some cases it can be modified.
Where does the MAC address come from?
Let's look at the example Mac: 0a: 1b: 2c: 3d: 4e: 5f. These 12 characters are not a random string – the first six (0a: 1b: 2c) indicate the network card manufacturer, and the others (3D: 4e: 5f) are its unique serial number. In practice, it works like a VIN number in the car – it allows you to clearly recognize equipment in the local network. It is worth knowing, however, that some devices, e.g. Modern smartphones can randomly change the MAC address in public Wi-Fi networks to protect privacy.
How does Mac work on your network?
Every time you turn on Wi-Fi In the phone or laptop, the device sends a signal in which its Mac address may be. In modern operating systems, random Mac addresses are often used when scanning the network to increase privacy.
When you connect to the Wi-Fi network, the router identifies the device based on the Mac and can optionally check whether it is allowed (e.g. if Mac filtering has been enabled). Then the router assigns the device an IP address using the DHCP server, which allows you to access the Internet. The Mac address only in the local network – It is not used for communication on the Internet, where the IP address plays a basic role.
Where to find your Mac address?
In Windows Just enter “CMD” in the Start menu, and then the “IPCONFIG /ALL” command. Look for the “Physical Address” “Physical Address” line – this is your Mac. On Apple devices Select “Advanced” in “Preferences” II. On the phone with Android You can find Mac in “Wi-Fi settings”, in the “Advanced” section. IPhone owners They will find it in general settings, in information about the device.
Can anyone use your Mac address?
The MAC address itself does not pose a direct threat – it works mainly in the local network and does not wander on the Internet. However, in some situations it can be used against us:
- For tracking devices in public space
- To avoid Wi-Fi security
- To impersonate our devices
How to protect yourself?
The first and simplest rule: Turn off Wi-Fi when you don't use it. Your phone will then stop spreading your Mac address. In newer smartphones you will also find the “random MAC address” option – it is worth enabling it, especially in public places.
Changing the MAC address – when does it make sense?
You can change the MAC address of your device, but remember – it's not fun for beginners. It can lead to connection problems. It is worth first to save the original MAC address to be able to come back to it. Changing the address can be useful when:
- You often use public Wi-Fi networks
- You want to have more control over your privacy
- You need to bypass the restrictions imposed by the network administrator