They pay more than they receive in the form of social benefits. Report

Citizens Ukraine – As indicated in the publication – they constitute about 5 percent. all working in Poland, with the most employed in the industrial, construction sector, services and transport.

The calculations of the authors of the report show that – taking into account immigration from 2013 to 2024 – Ukrainians contributed to growth Polish GDP In recent years from 0.5 to 2.4 percent annually. BGK experts pointed out that when calculated, they took into account data from various sources (including the Central Statistical Office, NBP, scientific studies, reports).

According to the representative of the board of BGK Jarosław Dąbrowski, the influx of migrants from Ukraine in recent years is one of the key factors shaping the Polish labor market and the economy. He noticed that in the face of demographic challenges, such as the aging society and labor deficit, their presence is of strategic importance for the stability and further development of our country. – In addition to the Polish raison d'etat, which requires supporting sovereign Ukraine, Poland has an obvious economic interest in cooperation with our eastern neighbor – he pointed out.

The report pointed out that migrants from Ukraine take up work primarily in selected sectors, and the employment rate among refugees is clearly lower than among migrants from before the war.

– A large part of Ukrainian migrants still undertake work that does not require high qualifications, often below their education and skills – said the chief economist of BGK Mateusz Walewski. He noted that the key to further integration would be to support them in accessing more demanding positions as well as training and educational systems.

The analysis of BGK experts shows that migrants from Ukraine pay more to the Polish budget than they receive in the form of social benefits. – Estimates indicate that revenues from taxes and insurance premiums paid by Ukrainian migrants to the Polish budget reach about PLN 15.1 billion, and the benefits paid to them from the Family program 800 plus It costs about PLN 2.8 billion – we read in the report. It was reminded that migrants from Ukraine, working or studying in Poland, can count on a number of other services, including, above all, access to public healthcare and the right to free education.

The report also shows that the thesis that Ukrainian immigration is not true is to increase real estate prices in Poland. In fact – as we read – only 2.7 percent The purchase of real estate in Poland in 2023 was implemented by Ukrainians, and the main factor in price growth were inflation and changes in the credit market.

– although immediately after the explosion wars in Ukraine In fact, a short -term increase in rental prices was noted, in the long run migration is not the main factor affecting the real estate market. Ultimately, it is inflation and availability of loans that have a greater impact on prices – the authors pointed out.

The presence of migrants – according to the publication – also influenced the intensification of trade between Poland and Ukraine and an increase in financial transfers. Analysts have calculated that the nominal value of the export of Polish goods to Ukraine has increased almost four times over the past decade. A similar increase was also recorded in the value of transfers from Poland to Ukraine. However, it was noted that the participation of transfers from Poland to Ukraine in the total value of transfers is gradually decreasing.

– Ukrainian immigration has structurally changed economic relations between our countries. More and more Polish companies are establishing cooperation with Ukrainian enterprises, and cash transfers, although still important, show the gradual settlement of migrants and their growing consumption on the spot – the authors of the BGK report pointed out.

Experts pointed out that in order to fully use the potential of Ukrainian migrants, Poland should focus on their long -term integration by providing stable jobs, housing facilitations and access to education and vocational training.

Demographic forecasts suggest that Poland will need many more migrants in the coming years than the current number of Ukrainian citizens staying on the Vistula. According to data from the International Migration Organization, only 43 percent Refugees declare their willingness to stay in Poland permanently. – If we want to attract and stop these employees for longer, we must create conditions for development and better life in our country – summed up Walewski.

The document includes both the effects of mass influx of population after the Russian invasion in February 2022, as well as the impact of earlier waves of migration of Ukrainian employees. It was taken into account, among others The importance of migration from Ukraine for the Polish labor market, economic growth and public finance.