Diphist – vaccine. How and where to get vaccinated. Adult vaccination calendar

Diphtheria is considered an extremely dangerous infectious disease caused by metering meter bacteria. This bacterium produces a strong toxin, called diphtheria toxin. It is transmitted by droplet, and the main source of infection is man. Most often it causes pharyngitis and laryngitis, but it is also possible to inflammation of the genital, skin or conjunctivitis.

Although the disease process can attack different parts of the body, most often affects the respiratory tract. Then the first symptoms of the disease may be non -specific, including fever, sore throat, weakness, loss of appetite or enlargement of lymph nodes. After a few days, characteristic changes begin to appear in the patient's respiratory tract – the so -called Alleged membranes – which can arise in different places: in the nose, throat, larynx, trachea or even bronchi.

The diphtheria is fatal in 5-10 percent. cases, however, in children under the age of five and adults over 40 years of age, the mortality rate may be up to 20 percent.

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In the 1950s, about 40,000 were registered in Poland. incidence annually, however, after the introduction of universal protective vaccinations in 1954, this number fell to virtually zero. Vaccination was the key in practical elimination of this disease in our country.

According to the information provided at Szczecie.pzh.gov.pl, the diaphragm vaccination is mandatory and free for children and adolescents up to the age of 19. It is implemented in the form of a vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis (DTP/DTAP), and in the case of contraindications to vaccination against pertussis, DT vaccine (against diphtheria and tetanus) or as a monovalent vaccine (against diphtheria).

According to the vaccination calendar, each child should be vaccinated seven times. First, four doses of DTP vaccine in 2nd, 3.-4. , 5.-6. and 16-18. month of life and a dose in the age of 6. In the case of adolescents, diphtheria against tetanus and pertussis (DTAP) vaccine is administered at the age of 14 as mandatory vaccination. The last obligatory is a diphtheria vaccine in combination with a vaccine against tetanus (DT) administered at the age of 19.

The vaccine is safe, it can only cause mild local reactions, such as redness, swelling or headaches, an increase in body temperature or a feeling of breakdown, which usually disappears after 24 hours.

Habilitated doctor Agnieszka Szuster-Cieśielska from the Department of Virology and Immunology, the Institute of Biological Sciences of the Maria Curie-Skłodowska University in an interview with tvn24.pl emphasizes that “there are no contraindications to vaccinations outside the standard ones”, such as allergies to the vaccination ingredients. – Dipage vaccine is very well tolerated and present on the market for many years. There are no reports regarding adverse symptoms – emphasizes the virologist.

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Over time, the diphtheria resistance decreases, which is why adults are recommended to resemble every 10 years. In particular, they should be taken by travelers and those who have contact with people coming from countries where the diphtheria occurs. A resembling vaccination can be performed with a diaphragm and tetanus vaccine or a diphtheria vaccine, tetanus and chronic vaccine.

In non -filled membranes, she can have a very severe course. In the past, when there were no vaccines, this disease often led to numerous complications and deaths of sick children. Currently, effective treatment is possible, but also complications that occur most often due to too late treatment are dangerous.

On the diphtheria, we can get vaccinated at the vaccination point after receiving the prescription. The vaccine should be bought on your own, unless it is available at the vaccination point. Prof. dr hab. Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska in an interview with tvn24.pl indicates that “it is rather practiced, that she comes with her preparation” placed in a thermal insulation bag. Such a bag can be purchased at the pharmacy.

The price of one dose of vaccine varies depending on the type of preparation and vaccination. Vaccines taking into account polio or hepatitis B can be slightly more expensive than those taking into account only diphtheria, tetanus and chicken. The price of one dose of diphtheria vaccine can range from about PLN 100 to approx. PLN 300. Detailed price information can be found directly in facilities that make vaccinations.

Diphorts still occur in many Asia, Africa and South America countries, where the number of cases has increased rapidly in recent years. “Adults traveling to the countries of diphtheria should consider supplementing vaccinations before traveling abroad. To this end, please contact a travel medicine doctor or tropical medicine.

Information about other vaccinations before foreign trips can be found, among others on the page Travel medicineedited by prof. dr. hab. n. med. Krzysztof Korzeniewski – a specialist in maritime and tropical medicine, epidemiology, dermatology and venereology, as well as the head of the Department of Epidemiology and Tropical Medicine in Gdynia.

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In Poland mandatory vaccinations resulting from the vaccination calendar are freefinanced from the state budget. They are implemented until 19 years old and in adults with immunodeficiency and particularly vulnerable. Currently, mandatory vaccinations relate to: Tuberculosis, hepatitis B (hepatitis B), rotavirus, diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, polyomyelitis, invasive Haemophilus influenzae type B (HIB), measles, pigs, roses and pneumococci and chickenpox in risk groups.

On the other hand recommended vaccinations, also freethere are flu vaccination in children from 6 months of age, vaccination against HPV girls and boys aged 9-14 and vaccination against Covid-19 at the age of 6 months of age. For children recommended but payable, There are group B meningococci vaccines, Meningococci of the ACWY group, chickenpox, tick -borne encephalitis (KZM) and hepatitis A.

In addition to vaccinations implemented up to 19, experts recommend taking other vaccines in adulthood that are payable. It is recommended to accept:

– one dose of vaccine against flu Each year during the infectious season – between 18 and 65, it is reimbursed in 50 percent, and is free for people over 65 – one dose every 10 years against vaccine against diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis
-When doses of vaccine on chickenpox (VZZ) In the case of people who did not get sick and were not vaccinated -two doses of vaccine against Odra, pigs, rose (MMR) in the case of people who did not get sick and were not vaccinated -allpons on Covid-19 Depending on the history of vaccination and current recommendations -the doses of the vaccine against hepatitis B (HBV) in the case of people who were not previously vaccinated

For adults aged 19-26 It is also recommended to take three doses of the vaccine against human papilloma virus (HPV); From 27 to 49, this vaccine can be taken after consulting a doctor. At the age of over 50, it is recommended to take one dose of vaccine against pneumococciom (PVC, PPSV) and two doses of vaccine 2-6 months against Hyday zoster (RZV). In addition, after the age of 60, it is recommended to take a vaccine against Syccytial Breath Virus (RSV).

If there are additional risk factors, it is also recommended to take a vaccine against tick -borne encephalitis (KZM) in three doses with reminiscent doses every 3-5 years, against hepatitis A in hepatitis in two doses, if a person was not previously vaccinated and against meningococci in one or two doses.

What does “special risk factors” mean in the case of vaccination against KZM? – If a person works in the forest, lives by the forest, often stays in the forest, parks, he is in the risk group due to contact. But there are no contraindications that people outside the risk group are vaccinated – says prof. dr hab. Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska.

– If I wanted to be vaccinated and ask a doctor for a prescription, because I can, for example, drive through forests by bike during vacation, then the doctor is obliged to give me a prescription – he explains, noting that in the case of each vaccination we are talking about different risk factors. – I would advise you to consult a doctor each time to determine the vaccination profile for each person depending on the risk of being in a specific group or in a specific area – he adds.

Vaccination for flu is a seasonal vaccination. What does this mean? – Influenza vaccination is recommended before the season, when the flu occurs – says in an interview with tvn24.pl prof. dr hab. Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska. An expert from UMCS indicates that you can vaccinate in September, when vaccines are already available in pharmacies, and “December, January is the last bell for vaccination.”

He adds that all other vaccines that are in the table developed by the Polish Society of Family Medicine in cooperation with the My Patients Foundation are vaccines that we can get vaccinated at any time of the year. – I recommend all vaccinations included in the adult vaccination calendar. They are very valuable and protect against dangerous diseases – emphasizes prof. dr hab. Agnieszka Szuster-Ciesielska.